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          English系列-思维练习错题笔记
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        <p>Yesterday I had a phone call from Clint. I was very surprised. I <strong>__</strong> （write） to him many times but he <strong>__</strong> （never, reply） to my letters.<br>答案：had written, had never replied<br>解析：两个或两个以上相继发生的动作，用and或but按动作发生的先后顺序连接，此时要用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时。过去完成时则强调主语在过去的某一时刻“回顾”更早的动作。具体来说，如果在谈论过去某一事件时，又想到在这之前已发生的某事，就要用过去完成时态。   </p>
<p>A: I need to find a dermatologist.（皮肤科医生） You’re familiar with Dr. Smith. Do you recommend her?<br>B: Well, I <strong>__</strong> （see） by her a few times. And the best I can say for her is she has interesting magazines in her waiting room.<br>答案：have been seen<br>解析：在英语中，“动作表达”的完成时态强调最近发生的事件，而“状态表达”的完成时态强调“较远的过去”经历。   </p>
<p>It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory <strong>__</strong> （rise） by about 10%.<br>答案：will have risen<br>解析：将来完成时是以“将来”作为“坐标时间”，来表示开始于将来之前（可能是过去、现在或将来）的动作持续到将来。但动作开始的时间并不重要，关键是说话人要站在将来的某一时间来谈某一动作的完成情况。</p>
<p>I have entered the university for two years.<br>答案：错误，应改为：I have been in the university for two years，或者用一般过去时态说成：I entered the university two years ago.</p>
<p>He has left his native place for three years.<br>答案：“单一事件”完成时的肯定句不与持续的时间状语连用，动词leave（left的原形）是非延续性动词，不能跟一段时间状语（否定句除外）。</p>
<p>A: Are you glad you came to China?<br>B: Yes. Indeed. 我本来是要考虑去Tokyo or Singapore, but 我从不后 悔我的决定。<br>答案：I’d considered going to Tokyo or Singapore, but I’ve never regretted my decision.<br>解析：表示“非真实”的过去，主要是指intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect， think，propose和wish等动词用于过去完成时，可表示过去未能实现的计划、设想、意图或希望等。   </p>
<p>George would certainly have attended the proceedings <strong>__</strong>.<br>A. had he not had a flat tire<br>B. had the tire no flattened itself<br>C. if the flat tire hadn’t happened<br>D. if he didn’t get a flat tire<br>答案：A</p>
<p>If Greek civilization <strong>__</strong> all of Europe, English wouldn’t contain so many Greek words.<br>A. hadn’t influenced<br>B. doesn’t influence<br>C. hasn’t influenced<br>D. didn’t influence<br>答案：A</p>
<p>Nelson <strong>__</strong> the fight, with a little more training and a better manager.<br>A. would win<br>B. had won<br>C. could have won<br>D. won<br>答案：C<br>解析：尼尔森本可以赢得这场战斗，但需要更多的训练和更好的教练。</p>
<p>He would rather <strong>__</strong> than worked last night.<br>A. have slept<br>B. has slept<br>C. sleep<br>D. slept<br>答案：A<br>解析：本题考查 would rather have done 的虚拟句型，本题相当于“He would rather have slept than have worked last night.” ，后边的 have 被省去了。</p>
<p>If the climate had been more favorable, the crops <strong>__</strong> still better.<br>A. would have grown<br>B. would be growing<br>C. would be grown<br>D. will grow<br>答案：A</p>
<p>These facts suggested that women <strong>__</strong> in opportunity for physical exercise by cultural taboos.<br>A. should been limited<br>B. had been limited<br>C. be limited<br>D. have been limited<br>答案：B<br>解析：这里的 suggested 是“表明，显示”而不是“建议”的意思，因而不用虚拟语气。</p>
<p>The result has turned still worse than it <strong>__</strong><br>A. would otherwise have been<br>B. would be otherwise<br>C. has otherwise been<br>D. had otherwise been<br>答案：A<br>解析：这里有 otherwise ，表明要用虚拟，且是虚拟的主句形式。另根据句意判断，这里是表示过去虚拟，故要用 would have done 形式，所以 A 正确。</p>
<p>We (could, might) go to that new restaurant opposite the cinema.<br>答案：could<br>解析：用于表示委婉的“建议”，此时，could并不表示过去。</p>
<p>You (could, may) be right, but I still don’t agree with you!<br>答案：may<br>解析：could更加的委婉和客观，因为后面的but I still don’t agree with you，所有要用may，即使两者可能性程度都很低。</p>
<p>The situation was bad but it (could be, may have been, could have been) worse.<br>答案：could have been</p>
<p>Thank you very much for buying me flowers. You <strong>__</strong> (buy) me flowers.<br>错误答案：couldn’t have bought<br>正确答案：shouldn’t have bought<br>解析：虽然could用于表示委婉的“建议，但是couldn’t就失去了委婉的含义了。</p>
<p>Mary was a talented violinist at the age of ten. She <strong>__</strong> (play) the violin very well when she was ten.<br>错误答案：must have played<br>正确答案：could play<br>解析：这里要表达的是过去的能力（过去的潜能）</p>
<p>Our worrying so much was a waste of time.=We <strong>__</strong> (worry) so much.<br>错误答案：shouldn’t worry<br>正确答案：needn’t have worried<br>解析：这里的need是情态动词。表示“没必要做……”</p>
<p>It’s possible that the last person to leave didn’t lock the door.=The last person to leave <strong>__</strong> (lock) the door.<br>错误答案：could haven’t locked<br>正确答案：may not have locked<br>解析：过去推测，在否定句中，can’t/couldn’t要比may not/might not的否定语气强烈。</p>
<p>She paid him and walked off. Then she realized that he <strong>__</strong> (not, be) a deaf mute. How did she know? He must have heard her initial instructions or he <strong>__</strong> (not, know) where to take her.<br>正确答案：can’t have been    wouldn’t have known<br>解析：can’t在此表示不可能，后者是过去虚拟语气</p>
<p>The boss has promised that every player in NBA <strong>__</strong> have a rise in income.<br>A. would B. might C. shall D. should<br>正确答案：C<br>解析：shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，可以表示说话人的许诺。</p>
<p>He was a good swimmer so he <strong>__</strong> swim to the river bank when the boat sank.<br>A. could B. might C. succeeded to D. was able to<br>正确答案：D<br>解析：was able to才是表达过去具体的能力，could只能表达过去潜在的能力。</p>
<p>He did very badly on the exam. He <strong>__</strong> harder.<br>A. must study B. must have studied C. should study D. should have studied<br>正确答案：D<br>解析：</p>
<p>He <strong>__</strong> pull down a bull and acknowledged as a man with superman strength.<br>A. used to be able to B. would be able to C. should be able to D. might be able to<br>正确答案：A<br>解析：为什么C不可以？</p>
<p>This book falls overdue a week; I must be fined.<br>这本书过期一周了，我肯定会被罚款。</p>
<p>He looked <strong>__</strong>.<br>A. nervously<br>B. around nervous<br>C. around nervously<br>正确答案：C<br>解析：C。look作系动词时，意为“看起来”，后面接形容词作表语。look作行为动词时，意为“看”，lookC。look作系动词时，意为“看起来”，后面接形容词作表语。look作行为动词时，意为“看”，look around意为“朝周围看”，可以被副词nervously修饰，充当其方式状语。</p>
<p>In 1952 Ernest Hemingway published The Old Man and the Sea, <strong>__</strong>.<br>A. won him the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954<br>B. and the Nobel Prize for Literature won in 1954<br>C. in 1954 won the Nobel Prize for Literature for this work<br>D. a work that won him the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954<br>正确答案：D<br>解析：本题考查双宾语结构：win sb. sth.。这里D选项中 a work是作为同位语，补充说明The Old Man and the Sea。然后在work后边接一个定语从句。 精品译文：在1952年，欧内斯特·海明威发表了小说《老人与海》，这部作品为他赢得了1954年的诺贝尔文学奖。</p>

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